APOPO US
We train rats to save lives
APOPO US
EIN: 47-1389723
as of September 2023
as of September 18, 2023
Programs and results
Reports and documents
Download annual reports Download other documentsWhat we aim to solve
59 countries and states suffer from the blight of hidden landmines. APOPO's landmine detection rats and technical survey dogs ignore scrap metal and only detect explosive scent, making them much faster at finding landmines than metal detectors. Detecting tuberculosis remains one of the biggest challenges facing medical professionals. APOPO’s TB detection rats can check 100 samples for tuberculosis in 20 minutes; the same task would take a lab technician up to 4 days. Suspect samples are re-checked using LED fluorescence microscopy.
Our programs
What are the organization's current programs, how do they measure success, and who do the programs serve?
TB Detection
APOPO is the only organization in the world that has operationalized animal detection of disease. Taking advantage of the impressive sensitivity and detection speed of HeroRAT's, APOPO creates TB detection factories in high burden megacities that can help improve case detection by over 40%.
Land Clearance
APOPO US supports APOPO's landmine detection programs in Africa and Asia, though fundraising support, strategic guidance, and partnership building.
APOPO currently has mine action operations in Cambodia, Mozambique and Angola. Across all of its operations, APOPO operations and results are driven by a proven land release methodology to ensure all land is safely processed and released in accordance with International Mine Action Standards. APOPO’s use of evidence based clearance as well as Mine Detection Rats (MDR) are the foundations of its results based approach to land mine detection.
Historically around the world, too much land has been cleared without finding mines or explosive remnants of war (ERW). This has subsequently resulted in wasted effort that produced few life improvement results for local communities. In response to this, APOPO has been in the forefront to employ an evidence-based approach (Non-Technical Survey and Technical Survey) to accurately determine the extent of landmine contamination and make sure that expensive clearance operations are only deployed when necessary. This ensures that as much land as possible is released by relatively inexpensive non-technical survey and that only the parts with proven mine contamination are actually cleared using more expensive clearance resources.
APOPO’s approach also differs from the norm in its use of Mine Detection Rats (MDRs). One MDR can typically search up to 400m2 per day, whereas a manual deminer with a metal detector can search 80m2 per day. In low density suspected areas, the MDRs have a significant advantage as they can screen vast areas rapidly, and APOPO’s efficiency and land clearance results are ultimately accelerated greatly by the use of MDR in technical survey.
Just as importantly, deploying MDR allows APOPO to clear certain tracks of land faster than organizations that don’t deploy MDR, allowing them to move on to new tasked areas quicker than the typical organization. For this reason APOPO became the “preferred partner” of the Mozambican government, despite operating with smaller budgets than many larger mine clearance organizations, and is a major reason the country has now been declared mine free.
Where we work
External reviews

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Our results
How does this organization measure their results? It's a hard question but an important one.
Evaluation documents
Download evaluation reportsNumber of patient consultations
This metric is no longer tracked.Totals By Year
Population(s) Served
People with diseases and illnesses
Related Program
TB Detection
Type of Metric
Output - describing our activities and reach
Direction of Success
Increasing
Context Notes
Number of Patients Screened by APOPO's TB Detection Rats for TB
Number of health/hygiene product and/or tools of care (mosquito nets, soap, etc.) administered
This metric is no longer tracked.Totals By Year
Population(s) Served
People with diseases and illnesses
Related Program
TB Detection
Type of Metric
Output - describing our activities and reach
Direction of Success
Increasing
Context Notes
Number of patients found by APOPO's TB Detection Rat System placed on treatment
Number of community-based organizations providing primary prevention services in chronic disease programs
This metric is no longer tracked.Totals By Year
Population(s) Served
People with diseases and illnesses
Related Program
TB Detection
Type of Metric
Output - describing our activities and reach
Direction of Success
Increasing
Context Notes
Number of National Tuberculosis Program Clinics working with APOPO.
Number of research studies conducted
This metric is no longer tracked.Totals By Year
Type of Metric
Output - describing our activities and reach
Direction of Success
Increasing
Context Notes
APOPO is constantly studying both the performance of its rats detecting landmines and TB, and behavioral reinforcement techniques that can improve their performance in the field.
Square Meters of Land Cleared from the Threat of Landmines
This metric is no longer tracked.Totals By Year
Population(s) Served
Economically disadvantaged people, Farmers
Related Program
Land Clearance
Type of Metric
Output - describing our activities and reach
Direction of Success
Increasing
Context Notes
APOPO's major landmine project in Mozambique ended in 2015 which is why SM cleared from the threat of landmine has declined in 2016 and 2017.
Individuals Freed from the Threat of Landmines
This metric is no longer tracked.Totals By Year
Population(s) Served
Economically disadvantaged people, Farmers
Related Program
Land Clearance
Type of Metric
Output - describing our activities and reach
Direction of Success
Increasing
Context Notes
Individuals freed from the threat of landmines varies depending on how densely populated the areas are where an organization is tasked to demine and the size of the operation.
Number of free participants in conferences
This metric is no longer tracked.Totals By Year
Related Program
Land Clearance
Type of Metric
Outcome - describing the effects on people or issues
Direction of Success
Increasing
Context Notes
APOPO reaches out to local schools and villages to engage in Explosive Ordnance Risk Education (EORE) which explain what a buried weapon looks like and what to do when these items are found
Number of samples screened
This metric is no longer tracked.Totals By Year
Related Program
TB Detection
Type of Metric
Context - describing the issue we work on
Direction of Success
Increasing
Context Notes
The total of sputum samples screened from APOPO's partner clinics
Goals & Strategy
Reports and documents
Download strategic planLearn about the organization's key goals, strategies, capabilities, and progress.
Charting impact
Four powerful questions that require reflection about what really matters - results.
What is the organization aiming to accomplish?
Mine Action:
APOPO seeks to deploy cost efficient solutions – including rats and its land release methodology – a process that combines community surveys and logical deployment of resources depending on threat level assessments to efficiently determine mined areas. APOPO's long term goal is to be the animal detection consultants/ service provider that ensures animals and land release are used by larger NGO's throughout the world whenever the land mine situation justifies it. If APOPO can establish itself in this role, they can take the burdensome effort of training, accrediting, and deploying animals off the hands of major operators who will then see catalytic time and cost savings from the combined use of animals and traditional more expensive mine detection assets.
TB Detection:
By 2025 APOPO hopes it will have screened over 1,000,000 high risk individuals and helped identify over 50,000 people not found by local clinics. In doing so APOPO will help curb the huge problem of undiscovered and untreated TB, which is one of the the primary reason it is now the deadliest infectious disease in the world recently surpassing HIV.
New Applications:
By 2025 APOPO hopes to have at least two new applications fully researched and implemented in the field. These could include cancer screening rats, search and rescue rats, or rats who search for illegal wildlife products, like rhino horn or ivory, in air or sea ports.
What are the organization's key strategies for making this happen?
Mine Action:
APOPO is currently providing animals and land release consultation services to the Cambodian Mine Action Center in Cambodia and Norwegian People's Aid (NPA) in Angola. It is also exploring a variety of partnerships with NGO's and military demining units in Colombia, including setting up a shared rat pool that could be utilized by multiple organizations at once and therefore limit down time when speedy rats are waiting for slower machines and humanitarian deminers to prepare ground area for animal searching. By 2025, APOPO hopes to be firmly established as the animal detection providers for the majority of demining NGO's in the world, which should create a catalytic time and cost saving impact in the field.
TB Detection:
APOPO scales its TB operations by partnering up with National Tuberculosis program clinics in high TB burden mega cites, and managing the whole TB detection process from sample collection at partner clinics, to screening with its algorithm in a stand alone centralized laboratory. APOPO hopes to be By simultaneously proving operational feasibility across Dar Es Salaam, Maputo, and Addis Ababa, and working to improve the accuracy of its system through genetic, behavioral, and evaluation cage research, APOPO believes it will be in a stronger position to gain major TB stakeholder buy in over the next few years. APOPO then hopes to scale to at least 10 high burden mega cities by 2025, by transitioning away from full scale project management, to providing a cost saving, impact increasing, affordable TB rat detection service package to existing TB detection stakeholders.
New Applications:
APOPO is the only organization in the world who has developed methodology to train African Giant Rats through positive behavior reinforcement. By using rat training best practices from its TB and Mine Action training programs, and partnering up with leading institutions in new fields, APOPO should be able to successfully train and implement rats in new areas. For example APOPO is currently working with the US Wildlife Trust to determine if detection rats can find pangolin shells, the most trafficked illegal wildlife product in the world.
What are the organization's capabilities for doing this?
APOPO maintains three core parts of its operational management team;
1) Research and Development Staff that have masters, PHD's and years of experience in Animal Behavioral Research, Neuroscience, and other related fields. These individuals have years of experience training rodents and other animals on various behaviors and constantly work to train high quality TB and Mine Detection Rats, and also research new novel applications.
2) TB Program Staff have masters, PHD's and MD's in epidemiology, and infectious disease, and years of experience implementing quality TB control programs in low income, high burden countries. These individuals set performance expectations for TB Detection Rats, and develop programs that allow APOPO to maximize the high speed, and low costs of detection rat technology to greatly enhance TB detection results in developing countries.
3) Mine action staff are generally former high level military officers, who also have years of experience managing demining operations in inflicted areas. These individuals develop deployment strategies and partnerships that allow the mine action industry to maximize the catalytic cost and time savings offered by mine detection rats.
In addition to management teams that are highly qualified in their relevant fields, APOPO makes a commitment to providing local employment whenever possible, and over 95% of its staff our host country nationals. This is partially made possible by the simplicity of its rat training and handling processes which allow APOPO to hire individuals who never attended college.
What have they accomplished so far and what's next?
In the last ten year mine detection HeroRATs helped clear over 80,000,000 square meters of land from the threat of landmines and were part of the reason Mozambique was declared mine free years before expectations. TB detection HeroRats have identified almost 12,000 patients missed by local clinics. APOPO is also exploring new applications of laboratory based detection rats technology including cancer screening, and uncovering illegal wildlife smuggling in East African ports. APOPO is also exploring using the rats during search and rescue operations to navigate through fallen ruble that it too tight for larger dogs and find survivors so that rescuers can get to them faster.
How we listen
Seeking feedback from people served makes programs more responsive and effective. Here’s how this organization is listening.
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How is your organization using feedback from the people you serve?
To make fundamental changes to our programs and/or operations, To identify where we are less inclusive or equitable across demographic groups, To strengthen relationships with the people we serve, To understand people's needs and how we can help them achieve their goals
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Which of the following feedback practices does your organization routinely carry out?
We collect feedback from the people we serve at least annually, We take steps to get feedback from marginalized or under-represented people, We aim to collect feedback from as many people we serve as possible, We take steps to ensure people feel comfortable being honest with us, We look for patterns in feedback based on demographics (e.g., race, age, gender, etc.), We look for patterns in feedback based on people’s interactions with us (e.g., site, frequency of service, etc.), We engage the people who provide feedback in looking for ways we can improve in response, We act on the feedback we receive, We tell the people who gave us feedback how we acted on their feedback
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What challenges does the organization face when collecting feedback?
We don't have any major challenges to collecting feedback
Financials
Financial documents
Download audited financialsRevenue vs. expenses: breakdown
Liquidity in 2021 info
36.27
Months of cash in 2021 info
3.1
Fringe rate in 2021 info
8%
Funding sources info
Assets & liabilities info
Financial data
APOPO US
Balance sheetFiscal Year: Jan 01 - Dec 31
The balance sheet gives a snapshot of the financial health of an organization at a particular point in time. An organization's total assets should generally exceed its total liabilities, or it cannot survive long, but the types of assets and liabilities must also be considered. For instance, an organization's current assets (cash, receivables, securities, etc.) should be sufficient to cover its current liabilities (payables, deferred revenue, current year loan, and note payments). Otherwise, the organization may face solvency problems. On the other hand, an organization whose cash and equivalents greatly exceed its current liabilities might not be putting its money to best use.
Fiscal Year: Jan 01 - Dec 31
This snapshot of APOPO US’s financial trends applies Nonprofit Finance Fund® analysis to data hosted by GuideStar. While it highlights the data that matter most, remember that context is key – numbers only tell part of any story.
Created in partnership with
Business model indicators
Profitability info | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unrestricted surplus (deficit) before depreciation | $20,573 | $28,262 | -$84,209 | $21,666 | $168,681 |
As % of expenses | 3.9% | 3.5% | -11.2% | 2.0% | 17.4% |
Unrestricted surplus (deficit) after depreciation | $20,573 | $28,137 | -$84,583 | $21,292 | $168,524 |
As % of expenses | 3.9% | 3.4% | -11.3% | 1.9% | 17.4% |
Revenue composition info | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total revenue (unrestricted & restricted) | $542,720 | $524,492 | $665,487 | $1,126,273 | $1,138,232 |
Total revenue, % change over prior year | -49.8% | -3.4% | 26.9% | 69.2% | 1.1% |
Program services revenue | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
Membership dues | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
Investment income | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
Government grants | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 3.6% | 0.0% |
All other grants and contributions | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 96.4% | 100.0% |
Other revenue | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
Expense composition info | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total expenses before depreciation | $522,147 | $816,230 | $749,696 | $1,104,607 | $969,551 |
Total expenses, % change over prior year | -28.9% | 56.3% | -8.2% | 47.3% | -12.2% |
Personnel | 15.2% | 14.9% | 25.4% | 20.9% | 18.6% |
Professional fees | 4.7% | 2.9% | 3.1% | 2.6% | 3.7% |
Occupancy | 0.7% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
Interest | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
Pass-through | 75.2% | 79.1% | 65.9% | 74.9% | 74.3% |
All other expenses | 4.2% | 3.1% | 5.6% | 1.6% | 3.4% |
Full cost components (estimated) info | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
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Total expenses (after depreciation) | $522,147 | $816,355 | $750,070 | $1,104,981 | $969,708 |
One month of savings | $43,512 | $68,019 | $62,475 | $92,051 | $80,796 |
Debt principal payment | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Fixed asset additions | $0 | $1,870 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Total full costs (estimated) | $565,659 | $886,244 | $812,545 | $1,197,032 | $1,050,504 |
Capital structure indicators
Liquidity info | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Months of cash | 2.2 | 1.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 3.1 |
Months of cash and investments | 2.2 | 1.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 3.1 |
Months of estimated liquid unrestricted net assets | 3.4 | 2.6 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 3.5 |
Balance sheet composition info | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cash | $97,637 | $123,474 | $48,719 | $69,821 | $252,209 |
Investments | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Receivables | $372,039 | $54,178 | $45,637 | $43,548 | $36,209 |
Gross land, buildings, equipment (LBE) | $0 | $1,870 | $1,870 | $1,870 | $0 |
Accumulated depreciation (as a % of LBE) | 0.0% | 6.7% | 26.7% | 46.6% | 0.0% |
Liabilities (as a % of assets) | 0.3% | 1.8% | 4.3% | 1.2% | 2.4% |
Unrestricted net assets | $148,095 | $176,232 | $91,649 | $112,941 | $281,465 |
Temporarily restricted net assets | $320,000 | $0 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Permanently restricted net assets | $0 | $0 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Total restricted net assets | $320,000 | $0 | $0 | $0 | $0 |
Total net assets | $468,095 | $176,232 | $91,649 | $112,941 | $281,465 |
Key data checks
Key data checks info | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Material data errors | No | No | No | No | No |
Operations
The people, governance practices, and partners that make the organization tick.
Documents
Principal Officer
Mr. Charles Richter
Charlie joined the APOPO team in December 2014 as US Director. Previously he worked in business development and project management for Gallup, a large research and consulting firm, and One Economy an international technology NGO, both based in Washington DC.
Charlie is responsible for building new partnerships and projects with US based organizations as well as developing APOPO's independent US based 501C3 organization. He has an MBA from Thunderbird School of Global Management and was a former Peace Corps volunteer in Niger, West Africa where he developed a passion for effective social enterprise development.
Number of employees
Source: IRS Form 990
APOPO US
Officers, directors, trustees, and key employeesSOURCE: IRS Form 990
Compensation data
APOPO US
Highest paid employeesSOURCE: IRS Form 990
Compensation data
APOPO US
Board of directorsas of 06/06/2023
Board of directors data
Mari Kuraishi
Global Giving
Term: 2015 -
Mari Kuraishi
Global Giving
Beverly Schwartz
Ashoka
Piet Van Hove
University of Antwerp
Isa Misra
Foley Hoag LLP
Charles Richter
APOPO
Board leadership practices
GuideStar worked with BoardSource, the national leader in nonprofit board leadership and governance, to create this section.
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Board orientation and education
Does the board conduct a formal orientation for new board members and require all board members to sign a written agreement regarding their roles, responsibilities, and expectations? Yes -
CEO oversight
Has the board conducted a formal, written assessment of the chief executive within the past year ? Yes -
Ethics and transparency
Have the board and senior staff reviewed the conflict-of-interest policy and completed and signed disclosure statements in the past year? Yes -
Board composition
Does the board ensure an inclusive board member recruitment process that results in diversity of thought and leadership? Yes -
Board performance
Has the board conducted a formal, written self-assessment of its performance within the past three years? Yes
Organizational demographics
Who works and leads organizations that serve our diverse communities? Candid partnered with CHANGE Philanthropy on this demographic section.
Leadership
The organization's leader identifies as:
Race & ethnicity
Gender identity
Sexual orientation
No data
Disability
No data
Equity strategies
Last updated: 05/26/2022GuideStar partnered with Equity in the Center - an organization that works to shift mindsets, practices, and systems to increase racial equity - to create this section. Learn more
- We review compensation data across the organization (and by staff levels) to identify disparities by race.
- We ask team members to identify racial disparities in their programs and / or portfolios.
- We analyze disaggregated data and root causes of race disparities that impact the organization's programs, portfolios, and the populations served.
- We disaggregate data to adjust programming goals to keep pace with changing needs of the communities we support.
- We employ non-traditional ways of gathering feedback on programs and trainings, which may include interviews, roundtables, and external reviews with/by community stakeholders.
- We disaggregate data by demographics, including race, in every policy and program measured.
- We have long-term strategic plans and measurable goals for creating a culture such that one’s race identity has no influence on how they fare within the organization.
- We use a vetting process to identify vendors and partners that share our commitment to race equity.
- We have a promotion process that anticipates and mitigates implicit and explicit biases about people of color serving in leadership positions.
- We seek individuals from various race backgrounds for board and executive director/CEO positions within our organization.
- We have community representation at the board level, either on the board itself or through a community advisory board.
- We help senior leadership understand how to be inclusive leaders with learning approaches that emphasize reflection, iteration, and adaptability.
- We measure and then disaggregate job satisfaction and retention data by race, function, level, and/or team.
- We engage everyone, from the board to staff levels of the organization, in race equity work and ensure that individuals understand their roles in creating culture such that one’s race identity has no influence on how they fare within the organization.